From Garden City to Ecological City

In ancient China, urban construction paid attention to the "harmony between nature and man", and the choice of residence was integrated with the simple landscape culture and pastoral culture. The ideal city in the hearts of ancient people had simple ecological implications; Since the 1990s, the Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China has started to promote the creation of national garden cities. The construction of national garden cities has inherited and carried forward the classical garden ideas, so that the city can blend into nature, and the places you see can be filled with green; By 2004, the Ministry of Construction of China had issued the implementation proposal for the creation of an "ecological garden city", which is an "upgraded version" of garden cities. At the beginning of 2016, seven cities including Suzhou, Nanning, Xuzhou, Kunshan, Baoji, Shouguang and Zhuhai were awarded the first batch of "National Ecological Garden Cities". It can be seen that the evolution of urban construction in China is a process of constantly moving towards an ideal city.
The transformation from "garden city" to "ecological city" reflects a change in concept and a reconsideration of the way of human existence. The integration of the word "ecology" is not a simple superposition, but an urban ecosystem from focusing on urban landscaping indicators to focusing on the common development of natural environment, ecological environment and human settlements until a virtuous circle is formed. The digital indicators of greening are no longer the target of pursuit. The construction of cities requires an overall ecological outlook. Cities should not only achieve harmonious coexistence between human and nature, but also achieve the comprehensive and coordinated development of nature, environment, society and economy.
Li Xiong, Professor of the School of Landscape Architecture of Beijing Forestry University, said that the reason for such a change in concept is, first of all, to meet the needs of the people's livelihood. The construction of ecological garden city can promote the harmonious development of urban residential environment, which is a livelihood project closely related to the life of urban residents; Secondly, this is to meet the inherent needs of urban development and China's urbanization process. At present, China's urbanization is in a critical period of economic transformation and upgrading. At the same time, the constraints on land, ecology and other resources and environment are tightening, and the requirements for the quality of urban space environment, the level of garden and green space construction, and the comprehensive level of urban construction are further improved. Under such circumstances, the ecological garden city has gradually become one of the main directions of the new urbanization construction; Third, the ecological garden city is a powerful measure to respond to the ecological civilization and the construction of a beautiful China. We must establish the concept of ecological civilization that respects nature, conforms to nature and protects nature.
The establishment of an ecological garden city is a basic work for the city to reproduce green water and green mountains, and is a practical action to implement ecological civilization. The transformation from garden city to ecological garden city is just in time. The huge urban system needs a reasonable and healthy concept of ecological garden city construction. In the future, more modern development concepts will be integrated into the development of eco cities. In this process, our ideal home in the process of centrifugation will become closer and closer.